Introduction to Learning Disabilities
They might therefore affect the way some people may approach learning, which may come at great difficulty in some aspects. But people should bear in mind that people with learning difficulties are not indicative of having low intelligence or having an underperforming brain function.
People with learning disabilities suffer from a deficit on one or more ways on how the brain processes information. These disorders may affect a person's ability to listen, read, write, spell, speak or even reason. Although some learning disabilities may be brought about by some handicapping conditions such as mental retardation, emotional and social disturbances etc., not all learning disabilities occur as a direct result of these handicaps.
Learning usually involves four stages of processing information. The first one is the "Input" where the brain takes in and records the information being relayed by the different senses. It then leads to "Integration" where the brain tries to interpret the information it receives.
The next stage is the "Memory" where the brain tries to store the information in a way that it can be retrieved later on when needed. The last stage is the "Output" where the brain retrieves the information needed and then translates it into either language or motor activity.
People suffering from learning disabilities may have trouble processing information in one or more stages of the learning process. Some people may have difficulty taking in information. Some may suffer from interpreting information that was received through the different senses. Some may even experience difficulties in memory processing or even acting out or expressing out the information.
Learning disabilities can be caused by many things. They may be brought about by a problem in brain structure or function. Some learning disabilities may even be caused by poor wiring in one or many areas of the brain. People with learning disabilities should not be considered on the same level as those with low intelligence. In fact, there are people with learning disabilities that may show average or above-average intelligence results when given IQ tests.
The difficulties faced by people with learning disabilities lie on the difference between how smart or intelligent they really are and how much they are able to achieve because of their learning disabilities.
Their intellectual capabilities may be undermined because their brain may set up roadblocks on how they are able to process and reproduce information. This is something that they have to live with and it cannot be reversed by medication. It might limit their success in one or more major areas in life, but learning to cope up with learning disabilities may mean that they may be able to live their lives normally.
